When a storm knocks out power for extended periods of time, generators may be used to:
- Help keep food safe
- Keep lights on
- Keep safety and medical equipment operating
However, only a small percentage of generators are hooked up or used correctly.
Generator Types
Generators come in 2 types:
- Portable generators – stand alone and are not directly connected to your home’s electrical system.
- Standby or backup generators – connect to your home’s electrical system to provide backup power during an outage.
Generator Safety
Improper generator usage can lead to damage, injury, or death. Always notify Tri-County Electric Cooperative (TCEC) when installing a permanent generator and always install a double-throw switch. For smaller portable generators, a switch is not necessary.
Portable Generators Tips
Set-Up
- Nothing should be plugged into the generator when you turn it on. This prevents a surge from damaging your generator and appliances.
- Do not plug directly into a home outlet or electrical system.
- Use an extension cord to plug appliances into an outlet on the generator.
Enclosed Spaces
- Never operate a generator in an enclosed area, such as a garage or basement.
- Generators produce gases, including deadly carbon monoxide. They require proper ventilation.
Wet Conditions
- Use caution when operating in wet conditions.
- Ensure your hands are dry before touching the generator.
- Protect the generator by operating it under an open, canopy-like structure on a dry surface.
Fueling
- When you refuel the generator, make sure the engine is cool to prevent a fire, should the tank overflow.
- Never store fuel near the generator, unless a proper container or fuel tank is used
Other Tips
- Keep children and pets away from the generator to avoid burns.
- When venturing outside after a severe storm, whether to check a generator or for any other reason, stay away from downed power lines.
- On tractor-driven units, always turn off the tractor and PTO control to service the generator. Set the tractor brake before starting the generator.
Standby Generator Tips
- Notify TCEC that you are installing a generator so it can be noted on your account for the safety of lineworkers.
- Standby generators should have a transfer safety switch installed by a professional.
- Follow all manufacturer instructions to properly ground the generator.
- Consult a qualified electrician for assistance, and be sure any new wiring is inspected.
Transfer Switches are Essential
Any time a generator powers loads through the permanent wiring system of the home, farm, or business, a transfer switch must be used. Adding a standby generator requires a transfer switch, also called a double-throw switch.
- This switch disconnects the electric load from the electric utility grid.
- It is usually located between the utility meter and the loads to be served.
- It is a requirement of the National Electrical Code (see NEC Article 702.6).
- It is also required by TCEC for 2 very good reasons:
- It prevents the backflow of current into the utility’s lines during an outage.
- It prevents damage to the generator when service has been restored.
For smaller portable generators used to power household appliances, a transfer switch is not necessary.